Root Wads
Root Wads are habitat improvement devices that create fish habitat using materials that might otherwise be considered waste. They are the root masses of trees connected to large sections of the tree's trunk. Root Wads are appropriately implemented in most stream habitat conditions such as riffles, runs and pools. These devices are usually installed in sheer stream banks (stream banks that are vertical or nearly vertical). The function of these devices lies in the root ball attached to the tree trunk and the manner in which that structure is installed. The trunk section of the tree should be trenched into the stream bank leaving the root ball exposed to the stream. This exposed root structure mimics root systems scoured naturally by streams, providing overhead cover desired as protection by fish. To ensure the log will not be torn from the stream bank by high flows, the trunk should be anchored in the trench by large stone. The disturbed area is then covered with a layer of soil and seeded and/or planted with native vegetation. Bio-degradable erosion control material can be used in conjunction with these devices to prevent erosion of the upper part of the stream bank, which would compromise the overall integrity of the device. Root Wads are devices that can be used when re-grading of steep stream banks is not possible or habitat of this nature is desired in the stream section.
